During the Portuguese administration, civil society in Macau was not particularly active, and some observers argue that not much has changed since the handover. However, there have been a few exceptions that stand out over the past two decades: the defence of historical heritage and the unique characteristics of the city (see the section on UNESCO in this special report), and the advocacy for a better environment.
Macau Business | May 2024 | Special Report | 20 years, 20 changes
While the former is distinct to Macau, the latter aligns with a global trend to which Macau could not remain indifferent. After all, there are now 220,000 more people consuming, commuting, or producing waste than 20 years ago, with limited increase in available space. This is compounded by the millions of tourists who visit every year, contributing to the escalation of pollution levels.
In essence, over these two decades, and especially in the last five years, the population has become increasingly aware of environmental issues. From discussions in the Legislative Assembly to initiatives in universities, and even through the efforts of small groups or individuals, it has become commonplace to encounter news about climate change, environmental protection, green energy, or simply pollution.
Moreover, Macau is particularly vulnerable to rising sea levels and the devastating impacts of extreme weather events (such as the infamous super-typhoon Hato in 2017).
Turning attention to the Government, it has been responsive to the evolving societal concerns, yet critics argue has lacked boldness in its actions. This year, a plan was unveiled to achieve carbon neutrality “before 2050,” with emissions expected to peak in six years. However, this plan could go further in being more specific in quantifiable objectives.
Unlike in other sectors of society, the Government can rely on the persistence of a group of environmental activists who come from diverse backgrounds. For instance, consider the recent opposition to the construction of an “ecological island” planned off the picturesque Ha Sa beach, an initiative proposed by the Government to address urban waste disposal issues.
What has changed
If there’s one sector where society doesn’t hesitate to criticise public policies and authorities, it’s environmental issues.
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